Combinations — Teams & Committees

Combinations — team और committee चुनना

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Combinations — Teams & Committees

  • Permutation & Combination
  • Combinations — Teams & Committees
Hello दोस्तों! MeraExam की एक और class में आपका स्वागत है। आज का topic है — Combinations — team और committee चुनना। बिलकुल zero से, एकदम आसान भाषा में। चलिए शुरू करते हैं!
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Learning Objective

Count selections with nCr, use nCr = nC(n−r) to shorten work, and solve team/committee questions.

🎯 Learning Objective

Count selections with nCr, use nCr = nC(n−r) to shorten work, and solve team/committee questions.

💡 Concept

  • nCr = n!/[r!(n−r)!] counts SELECTIONS — order does not matter
  • Team, committee, handshake → combination; race positions, photos in a row → permutation
  • Symmetry rule: nCr = nC(n−r), so 15C11 becomes the easy 15C4
  • nC0 = nCn = 1 and nC1 = n
  • Quick calculation: nCr = (r falling terms from n)/r!, e.g. 7C3 = (7×6×5)/(3×2×1) = 35

🧮 Key Formulas

nCr = n!/[r!(n−r)!]

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nCr = nC(n−r)

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Handshakes among n people = nC2 = n(n−1)/2

✏️ Easy Example

Q. In how many ways can 2 students be chosen from 5 for a quiz team?

  1. 5C2 = (5 × 4)/(2 × 1)
  2. = 20 ÷ 2

Answer: 10

🇮🇳 Real-Life Example

A mohalla WhatsApp group of 10 members: total possible one-to-one chats = 10C2 = 45 — every pair once, order irrelevant.

📝 Exam-Level Example

Q. In how many ways can a cricket team of 11 be selected from 15 players?

  1. 15C11 = 15C4
  2. = (15×14×13×12)/(4×3×2×1)
  3. = 32760 ÷ 24

Answer: 1365

📝 Exam-Level Example

Q. A committee of 3 must have 2 men from 4 men and 1 woman from 3 women. How many committees are possible?

  1. Men: 4C2 = 6
  2. Women: 3C1 = 3
  3. Total = 6 × 3

Answer: 18

🪄 Memory Trick

Big r? Flip it: nCr = nC(n−r). 15C11 → 15C4 turns a page of factorials into four small numbers.

⚠️ Common Mistakes

  • ❌ Using permutation for team selection — selection never cares about order
  • ❌ Multiplying alternative cases — 'this OR that' means add the counts

🏆 Exam Tips

  • ✅ 'AND' between selections → multiply; 'OR' / 'at least' → add the cases
  • ✅ Handshakes, matches, diagonals-type questions all reduce to nC2

📌 Summary

  • nCr = selections, order ignored
  • nCr = nC(n−r) — always flip a big r
  • Compound committees: multiply group-wise choices
  • Pairs among n = nC2 = n(n−1)/2